The insurgency in the north-eastern part of Nigeria has led to the displacement of people thereby leading to various health situations and children under-five are not left behind. This study investigated maternal socio-demographic characteristics associated with under-five care practice among Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) in Abuja, Nigeria. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 312 women in five purposively selected IDP camps in Abuja. A validated structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square and Binary Logistic Regression at 5% level of significance. The mean age of the 312 respondents was 29.6 ± 6.72 years. Majority of the participants had poor care practice (62.8%; n = 196). There was no significant association between age (OR = 1.06, CI = 0.85 – 1.32, p = 0.630), marital status (OR = 1.06, CI = 0.79 – 1.41, p = 0.700), religion (OR = 0.99, CI = 0.61 – 1.60, p = 0.960), parity (OR = 1.23, CI = 0.97 – 1.53, p = 0.070), previous child death (OR = 0.89, CI = 0.71 – 1.12, p = 0.311) and under-five care practice. However, a significant association existed between educational attainment (OR = 1.77, CI = 1.28 – 2.44, p = 0.001), ethnicity (OR = 2.44, CI = 1.50 – 3.97, p = 0.000) and under-five care practice. The socio-demographic 
factors associated with under-five care practice were maternal education and ethnicity. Effort should be directed at improving the educational status of internally displaced women and girls. 

Keywords: Internally Displaced Persons, Socio-demographic characteristics, Under-five, Under-five care 
practice.